For their efforts, they could exact any tribute they desired from the Indians. However, these Spanish leaders had no ownership of the land; they owned only the labor that worked the land. The repartimiento literally "partitioning" system was a system of forced labor as well; it was imposed upon the native populations in Spanish America and the Philippines. In this system, natives were forced to work in mines, fields, and in workshops.
The Spanish monarchy basically used repartimiento as a means to reward Spanish nobles for their loyalty. The mita system constituted another system of forced labor; it was imposed upon the Peruvian citizenry by the Inca empire.
The mita was essentially a public service system; the government used the workers to complete public construction projects, and many native citizens worked on building the Emperor's monuments, houses, and royal buildings.
They also worked in mines and tended communal and royal fields. The three are similar in that they are all systems of forced labor. However, a major difference lies in the fact that the mita was imposed by an empire upon its own people, while the encomienda and repartimiento were imposed upon native Indian populations by the Spanish crown. While the native Indians had to labor to enrich their foreign overlords in the encomienda and repartimiento systems , the Peruvian people worked to enrich their society as a whole.
The mita was a government tribute system that the Peruvian citizenry participated in; they served as soldiers, farmers, and laborers on behalf of their emperor. The mita system directly benefited members of the citizenry. For example, when Peruvian soldiers went to war, they could rest in the knowledge that their fields would not be left untended.
As a mandatory public service system, the mita required the obligatory participation of all able-bodied individuals once they turned fifteen. All individuals had to work until they reached fifty years of age. However, the mita allowed individuals time to work their own lands as well. To again reinforce the major difference between the mita and the other two systems, it must be noted that the Spanish eventually co-opted the mita system to serve their own ends.
While the original Peruvian mita was instituted for the mutual benefit of all, the Spanish mita was used only to enrich the Spanish crown. During the colonial period, Spanish overlords forced the native Indians to work in the silver mines of Potosi Bolivia.
It was gradually replaced by African slave labor because Africans were more immune to European diseases than Natives. Americans had home field advantage, British supplies was far away, strong motivation to fight, and George Washington.
The encomienda system is a labor system established by the Spanish Crown in the s. This new system rewarded Spanish explorers, conquistadors, and military men with land in the New World. In order to control its new empire, Spain created a formal system of government to rule its colonies. Like other Europeans in the Americas, the Spanish believed they had a duty to convert Native Americans to Christianity. They set up missions, religious settlements, run by Catholic priests and friars.
In they started the process of seeking federal recognition but have ceased to seek recognition. How did Spain and Portugal build colonies in the Americas? They conquered native peoples and used their land, resources, and forced labor to build colonies. Similar: imposing their will on Native Americans by force, using slave labor, developing new, blended cultures.
What was the primary difference between the Spanish and Portuguese empires? Since the purpose of the labor was for an individual or group to make a profit, there was little consideration for treatment of the slave beyond this end. African slaves en route to the Americas were often transported like animals and encountered countless atrocities. The terrible treatment Equiano endured was a result of the perception that many Europeans adopted around The change from African or servant like slavery to ,chattel slavery, meant that a slave was not considered a human, but an object; thus they were treated as objects or assets and thought of only in economic terms.
This particular law clearly shows the callous and objectified perception Europeans had for slaves. To conclude, purpose, treatment and perception play important roles in expanding the forced labor or ownership definition of slavery. Although the ecomienda and the mita systems were excellent examples of forced labor, the substantial differences in purpose, treatment, and perception plainly differentiate them from American slavery.
The fact that the people of the mita and encomienda were not owned and only forced to work periodically, in addition to the fact that they were paid in some cases, draws one to the conclusion that they were forced labor or slave-like systems rather than true slavery. While, on the other hand, the American labor system unmistakably exemplifies all the characteristics of true slavery. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes.
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