There are many ways to get energy in our systems and Red Bull is but one of them. So, I did some extensive research and decided to share my findings in this article. The effects of Red Bull can last up to four hours before wearing off. Generally, it will stay in your system for up to 12 hours.
However, the effects of Red Bull will vary from person to person, depending on body type, caffeine tolerance, and any health-related issues. The half-life of Red Bull is approximately six hours , which means that all Red Bull will be out of your system within twelve hours. After the twelve hours, you may start to feel mild withdrawal-like symptoms as your body craves more caffeine. Just keep in mind that the effects of Red Bull will vary. Different body types, high or low caffeine tolerance matter.
Also, health-related issues can adjust time frames. Interestingly, women on the contraceptive pill, this half-life becomes ten hours , meaning the Red Bull will not be out of your system for twenty hours. Although the Red Bull will last in your system for twelve hours, you will likely only feel the desired effects of it for one to four hours.
However, if you consume Red Bull regularly, you will find that the drink will have less of an effect on you as your body is used to consuming the high caffeine and sugar. You may feel tired or start to run out of energy, develop a headache, or become anxious. Sugar crashes like this are prevalent after consuming a high concentration of sugar, and are rarely dangerous or cause for concern.
However, if sugar crashes are a problem for you, or if the side-effects interfere with your daily life, it might be time to reduce your Red Bull and sugar intake.
There are a few things that you can do to get Red Bull — or any caffeine — out of your system. You might want to do this because it is interfering with your sleep, or because you feel you have consumed too much caffeine.
While the information provided in this infographic is not new, it does help shed light on why so many studies have cited the health implications of energy drinks. Energy drinks are particularly popular with children and adolescents. In this Honest Nutrition feature, we explore the practice of "clean eating," and why this concept has been a controversial one for researchers. A recent study found several phthalates and other plasticizers in food items from leading fast-food chains, highlighting the need for more regulation.
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Learn more here. New research in mice examines the impact of a Western diet on cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders. How energy drinks affect your body within 24 hours Written by Honor Whiteman on August 15, Share on Pinterest The amount of caffeine in a can or bottle of energy drink can range from 80 mg to over mg.
Sugar crashes, energy slumps and caffeine withdrawal. This infographic depicts what happens to the body after consuming a can of energy drink. Image credit: Personalize. Caffeine withdrawal may occur hours after consumption.
A large quantity of glycogen is beneficial only under ischemic conditions Glycogen accumulation in the myocardium favours the incidence of pre-excitation syndrome Cholesterol concentration significantly decreased in all groups. This effect can in turn be a cause of the myocardial dysfunctions reported in the chronic consumption of EDs and alcohol. Additionally, cholesterol controls the membrane fluidity, and, consequently, plays an important role in the the cholesterol to phospholipid ratio The molar ratio of cholesterol to phospholipids in plasma membranes is usually maintained just below unity Therefore, reducing the cholesterol concentration may lead to membrane destabilization, which may in turn affect cellular metabolism in the myocardium.
This change is somewhat expected because both taurine and niacin are used in the prevention and cure of atherosclerosis 36 , More precisely, taurine reduces serum cholesterol 38 and niacin reduces serum cholesterol and triglycerides and increases HDL concentration Decreased cholesterol in the myocardium following chronic ethanol treatment has also been reported by Godfrey et al.
The combined administration of Red Bull and ethanol induced an even higher reduction of cholesterol in the myocardium than the independent administration of the two components.
Our results show a slight increase in the myocardial protein concentration in all treated groups, being significant in the E group. The slight increase in the protein concentration observed after the administration of Red Bull could be due to the high content of vitamin B6. Vitamin B6 is an essential cofactor in the functioning of over enzymes required for the synthesis, degradation, and interconversion of amino acids The formation of protein adducts could be an explanation for the significant increase in the protein concentration in the E group observed in our study.
Research has shown that alcohol causes the accumulation of protein adducts in the hepatic, nervous, and muscular tissues, aggravating the ethanol-induced toxicity in these tissues In a study by Worrall et al. Furthermore, a previous study has shown that adducts formed by acetaldehyde with proteins stimulate the formation of mRNA responsible for the synthesis of collagen and expression of connective tissue proteins AST and ALT activities increased in the myocardium and decreased in the serum following all treatments.
According to the ultrastructural alterations caused by Red Bull and ethanol, the activities of these membrane integrity markers were expected to be increased in the serum. However, our results are consistent with those of Mihailovic et al.
Our results show that Red Bull had the same detrimental effects as ethanol, at least in the heart muscle. The most serious ultrastructural alterations observed in the heart tissue of rats treated with ethanol Fig. As pointed out by De Leiris et al.
Oxidative stress induces lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, reduces the GSH content of mitochondria, and disturbs calcium homeostasis, impairing the contractile capacity of the heart muscle. The organelles also show modified structures with disorganized cristae, resulting in altered oxidative metabolism.
An excellent work of Tsiplenkova et al. These authors also noticed an increase in the number of mitochondria with myocytes, in which the space occupied by mitochondria was larger than that occupied by myofibrils. This is consistent with our observation of enlarged intermyofibrilar spaces filled with mitochondria. Interestingly, we also found that the subsarcolemal mitochondria population was reduced, while numerous lysis areas were present.
In addition, we noticed collagen deposits in the intercellular space, which has also been reported by Urbano-Marquez and Fernandez-Sola 49 in human patients with alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Whether such altered cardiomyocytes may end in apoptosis or in necrosis remains unclear; however, apoptosis, or even a combination of apoptosis and necrosis, seems to produce myocyte loss in alcoholic cardiomyopathy While cardiomyocyte alterations induced by alcohol consumption are well documented, there is very little evidence, if any, concerning ultrastructural alterations induced by EDs in the heart muscle.
In some myocytes of the RB group, the myofibril arrangement showed a loose structure and the space between them was occupied by several large swollen mitochondria displaying a rarefied matrix and dilated cristae, which led to the assumption that oxidative metabolism was affected.
All these morphological alterations correlated with measured biochemical alterations in glucose, glycogen, and cholesterol concentrations and AST and ALT activities reported in our study.
In the myocytes of the RBE group, the cumulated effects of ED and ethanol were even more dramatic, with an increase in the lysis areas, majority of myofibrils without a regular parallel arrangement, myofibrils with a part of them fragmented, and several mitochondria with rarefied structures and dilated cristae. Numerous vesicles were present in the intermyofibrillar spaces, probably filled with glycogen, as has been previously reported 49 in alcoholic cardiomyopathy.
These structural alterations also support the biochemical changes measured in our study. Several myocytes had hypochromic nuclei with irregular borders, and the intercalated disks were fragmented and dehiscent.
Our experimental groups were relatively small but allowed for the statistical processing of results. Further, the duration of further experiments should be extended to provide better insights inon the long-term effects of using EDs, and to highlight possible adaptive mechanisms to their components.
In addition, we used only one ED. Therefore, we consider that additional studies are needed using several such drinks, particularly because they have different compositions. Our results explain, to a certain extent, the symptoms described in the literature for those who consume EDs in large quantities or for a long period of time. We particularly refer to glycogen accumulation in the myocardium, which can disrupt the cardiac activity and may favor the occurrence of tachycardia, palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias, hypertension, and even death 2.
The lowering of cholesterol concentration may, in turn, be a cause of myocardial dysfunctions reported in the literature following the chronic consumption of EDs and alcohol. Athletes, as well as active individuals, should avoid both the consumption of EDs and their consumption in combination with alcohol. Our results showed that EDs produce morphological changes in the heart muscle similar to those produced by ethanol.
Further research, on different EDs as a whole and on separate components is necessary to deeply understand their detrimental effects and the mechanisms by which they are produced. Conflict of interest: None declared. Peer-review: Externally peer-reviewed.
Authorship contributions: Concept — C. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Journal List Anatol J Cardiol v. Anatol J Cardiol. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer.
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Objective: Energy drinks EDs target young and active individuals and they are being marketed as enhancers of energy, concentration, and physical and cognitive performance. Methods: Male Wistar rats were categorized into four groups and given different treatments via oral administration.
Results: Our results showed a significant increase in the heart glucose and glycogen concentrations in the RB and RBE groups. Conclusion: Based on these results, we recommend that athletes and active persons should avoid the long-term consumption of the Red Bull ED and, particularly, its combination with alcohol. Keywords: energy drinks, Red Bull, ethanol, heart muscle.
Introduction Energy drinks EDs target young and physically active individuals. Animals and treatments The study was conducted on male Wistar rats, which were kept under standard conditions and had free access to water and food. Biochemical analyses The total glucose concentration was determined using the Somogy Nelson colorimetric assay 14 , Ultrastructural analyses For electron microscopy analyses, the myocardium specimens were fixed in 2.
Results Biochemical results The effects of Red Bull, ethanol, and their combination on glucose and glycogen concentrations in the heart muscle are shown in Figure 1. Open in a separate window.
Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Ultrastructural alterations The most serious ultrastructural modifications observed in the heart tissue of rats in the E group Fig. Figure 4. Discussion This study shows, for the first time, that the long-term consumption of EDs, individually or in combination with ethanol, causes biochemical and ultrastructural alterations in the heart muscles. Study limitations Our experimental groups were relatively small but allowed for the statistical processing of results.
Conclusion Our results explain, to a certain extent, the symptoms described in the literature for those who consume EDs in large quantities or for a long period of time.
Footnotes Conflict of interest: None declared. References 1. Enriquez A, Frankel DS. Arrhythmogenic effects of energy drinks.
J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. Caffeinated energy drink consumption among adolescents and potential health consequences associated with their use:a significant public health hazard.
Acta Biomed. Energy drinks mixed with alcohol:misconceptions, myths, and facts.
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