Your blood sample will then be mixed with an anti-Rh serum. If your blood cells clump together in response to the anti-Rh serum, it means that you have Rh-positive blood.
Your blood type can be determined in a matter of minutes. Once you know your blood type, you can donate blood and receive transfusions from donors in the compatible blood groups. Learn how to find out your blood type, including testing when blood is drawn and testing that requires no blood.
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Losing or maintaining weight can be challenging, especially with so many tasty food options available. Here are 11 foods that can contribute to weight…. The first stage in identifying blood type involves a test called ABO typing. This will determine which of the following four main blood types a person has:. Incorporating the four ABO types and the two Rh types, there are eight common blood types:.
There, a doctor or nurse draws a blood sample and sends it to a lab for testing. However, there are ways of determining blood type at home. A person can identify their blood type at home using a rapid blood typing kit. Using the kit requires a person to prick a finger with a needle. The kit comes with a card that contains chemicals known as reagents.
These test for the presence of the antibodies and Rh factor. A person can purchase a home testing kit online. A person may be able to use a saliva sample to test for their blood type, as some people produce the characteristic antigens in their saliva. According to research , if a person does secrete these antigens in their saliva, a sample of dried saliva can reliably indicate their blood type.
However, it is important to note that not everyone secretes these antigens, and this method does not necessarily indicate the presence or absence of the Rh factor.
A person may be able to find out their blood type by donating blood. Nonprofit organizations such as the American Red Cross collect blood from volunteers for use at hospitals and in emergency situations around the world. By participating in a blood drive, for example, a person will donate 1 pint of blood, which can take 4—6 weeks to completely replenish. A parent with type A blood can either pass on the A antigen or no antigen at all. If the other parent has type B blood, they can pass on the B antigen or no antigen.
A blood transfusion typically occurs when a person has experienced trauma or surgery that has resulted in extreme blood loss. When a person receives a blood transfusion, it is extremely important to match the blood type of the donor to that of the recipient. The reason is that the body develops antibodies against any ABO antigens that are not naturally present in the blood. This is called a transfusion reaction, and it occurs immediately when incompatible blood is transfused.
A transfusion reaction can be mild or cause a serious illness and even death. Type O-negative blood does not have any antigens. It is called the "universal donor" type because it is compatible with any blood type. Type AB-positive blood is called the "universal recipient" type because a person who has it can receive blood of any type.
Although "universal donor" and "universal recipient" types may be used to classify blood in an emergency, blood type tests are always done to prevent transfusion reactions.
Minor antigens other than A, B, and Rh that occur on red blood cells can sometimes also cause problems and so are also checked for a match before giving a blood transfusion. Serious transfusion reactions are rare today because of blood type tests. Rh blood type checks for the Rh antigen also called the Rh factor on red blood cells. If your red blood cells:. If your blood has the B antigen but not the Rh antigen, your blood type is B-negative B—.
Rh blood type is especially important for pregnant women. A problem can occur when a woman who has Rh-negative blood becomes pregnant with a baby fetus that has Rh-positive blood. This is called Rh incompatibility. If the blood of an Rh-positive baby mixes with the blood of an Rh-negative mother during pregnancy or delivery, the mother's immune system makes antibodies. This antibody response is called Rh sensitization and, depending on when it occurs, can destroy the baby's red blood cells.
Rh sensitization does not generally affect the health of the baby during the pregnancy in which the sensitization occurs. But the health of a baby with Rh-positive blood during a future pregnancy is more likely to be affected.
After sensitization has occurred, the baby can develop mild to severe problems called Rh disease or erythroblastosis fetalis. In rare cases, if Rh disease is not treated, the baby may die.
An Rh test is done in early pregnancy to check a woman's blood type. If she is Rh-negative, she can get a shot of Rh immunoglobulin that almost always prevents sensitization from occurring. Problems from Rh sensitization have become very rare since Rh immunoglobulin was developed.
You do not need to do anything before you have this test. The blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm. An elastic band is wrapped around your upper arm. It may feel tight. You may feel nothing at all from the needle, or you may feel a quick sting or pinch. There is very little chance of a problem from having a blood sample taken from a vein. The following table shows the compatibility of blood types between blood donors and recipients.
Read the table as follows: A person who has A-negative blood can receive A-negative or O-negative blood. Minor antigens other than A, B, and Rh on the red blood cells are also checked for a match before a blood transfusion. Reasons you may not be able to have the test or why the results may not be helpful include:.
Current as of: September 23,
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