After you leave the hospital, be sure to follow instructions on how to care for yourself at home. A bone marrow transplant may completely or partially cure your illness. If the transplant is a success, you can go back to most of your normal activities as soon as you feel well enough. Usually it takes up to 1 year to recover fully, depending on what complications occur.
Transplant - bone marrow; Stem cell transplant; Hematopoietic stem cell transplant; Reduced intensity nonmyeloablative transplant; Mini transplant; Allogenic bone marrow transplant; Autologous bone marrow transplant; Umbilical cord blood transplant; Aplastic anemia - bone marrow transplant; Leukemia - bone marrow transplant; Lymphoma - bone marrow transplant; Multiple myeloma - bone marrow transplant.
American Society of Clinical Oncology website. What is a bone marrow transplant stem cell transplant? Updated July Accessed June 3, Heslop HE. Overview and choice of donor of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; chap Im A, Pavletic SZ. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Editorial team. Bone marrow transplant. This may be done in two ways: Ablative myeloablative treatment -- High-dose chemotherapy, radiation, or both are given to kill any cancer cells.
This also kills all healthy bone marrow that remains, and allows new stem cells to grow in the bone marrow.
Reduced intensity treatment, also called a mini transplant -- Lower doses of chemotherapy and radiation are given before a transplant. This allows older people, and those with other health problems to have a transplant. There are three kinds of bone marrow transplants: Autologous bone marrow transplant -- The term auto means self. Stem cells are removed from you before you receive high-dose chemotherapy or radiation treatment.
The stem cells are stored in a freezer. After high-dose chemotherapy or radiation treatments, your stems cells are put back in your body to make normal blood cells. This is called a rescue transplant. Allogeneic bone marrow transplant -- The term allo means other.
Stem cells are removed from another person, called a donor. Most times, the donor's genes must at least partly match your genes. Radiation is often given in combination with chemotherapy. Some stem cell transplant patients receive total body irradiation treatment.
Unlike radiation that targets a specific area of the body, total body irradiation treats the entire body with radiation to kill the cancer cells and suppress the immune system.
Because cancer cells tend to grow at a faster rate than other cells in your body, chemotherapy affects cells that grow quickly more than cells that grow slowly. However, some normal cells also have a fast rate of growth, including blood cells. A side effect of chemotherapy is that it may kill young blood cells as they are growing.
It can take anywhere from three to ten days for your blood cell count to fall to its lowest point. When radiation is used to prepare you for stem cell transplant, it targets cancer cells and also suppresses your immune system. Your blood will be tested to see how many of each type of blood cell you have. While you are in the hospital, your counts are checked daily. Your nurse or doctor will tell you when your blood counts are expected to be low.
The time when your white blood cell and platelet counts are at the lowest is called your nadir. It is important for you to understand how your counts can affect your treatment, activity level, and infection exposure. Learn what precautions you should take when your blood counts are low. White blood cells are responsible for fighting infection. Your normal white blood cell count is 4, to 10, There are three main types of white blood cells: neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes.
Neutrophils, the most important infection-fighting cells, consist of "polys" and bands. The total number of polys and bands is referred to as the absolute neutrophil count ANC. When your ANC drops below — a condition called neutropenia — you are at greater risk for infection.
Your doctor may prescribe a colony-stimulating factor called G-CSF or GM-CSF to stimulate the production of cells in your bone marrow and help your white blood cell count recover more rapidly. Stem cell transplants are used to treat several types of cancer as well as other blood and immune system diseases.
Some diseases treated with stem cell transplant include:. New Patient Appointments For adults: For children: Read disclaimer about translations Please note that some translations using Google Translate may not be accurately represented and downloaded documents cannot be translated.
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